Toyama Prefecture is surrounded by mountains on three sides and faces Toyama Bay to the north.
In the southeastern part of the prefecture lies the Tateyama Mountain Range of the Northern Alps, with peaks reaching around 3,000 meters. Snow that falls on these mountains eventually flows into Toyama Bay. The bay is home to a rich variety of marine life, and many migratory fish also visit its waters.

Centered around Toyama City, the prefecture is compact, with municipalities spread within a radius of about 50 kilometers.
With well-developed secondary transportation such as city trams, private railways, and sightseeing buses, visitors can enjoy a comfortable journey using public transit.